Is time reversible?

Is the general time-reversible model bad for molecular phylogenetics?

The general time-reversible (GTR) model (Tavaré, 1986) has been the workhorse of molecular phylogenetics for the last decade. GTR sits at the top of the ModelTest hierarchy of models (Posada & Crandall, 1998) and, usually with the addition of invariant sites and a gamma distribution of rates across sites, is currently by far the most commonly selected model for phylogenetic inference (see Table...

coronary angiogenesis during experimental hypertension: is it reversible?

background: we investigated coronary angiogenesis and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) and its soluble receptor-1 (sflt-1) concentrations in two-kidney one-clip (2k1c) hypertensive rats before and after reversal of hypertension. methods: the animal groups were: (i) sham-clipped for 12 weeks; (ii) 2k1c for 12 weeks; (iii) sham-clipped for 12 weeks and unclipped for 12 weeks; and (...

Time ’ s ( Almost ) Reversible Arrow

Time-reversible quantum molecular dynamics

Time-reversible ab initio molecular dynamics based on a lossless multi-channel decomposition for the integration of the electronic degrees of freedom [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 123001 (2006)] is explored. We present a lossless time-reversible density matrix molecular dynamics scheme. This approach often allows for stable Hartree-Fock simulations using only one single self-consistent field cycle per ...

Reversible swelling of SBMV is associated with reversible disordering

The structures of the compact and swollen southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) particles have been compared by X-ray diffraction and proton magnetic resonance (PMR). Small-angle X-ray scattering showed that removal of divalent cations at alkaline pH causes the particle diameter to increase from 289Å in the native SBMV by 12% in solution and by 9% in microcrystals. The swelling is fully reversible ...